INNOVACIÓN TECNOLÓGICA UTILIZANDO HIMENÓFOROS DE HONGOS COMESTIBLES ECTOMICORRÍZICOS COMO BIOFERTILIZANTES FORESTALES

Abstract

Mexico has a remarkable wealth and diversity of coniferous tree species, among which the genus Pinus constitutes the most notable group due to its abundance in the forestry sector. However, these species have experienced a significant reduction in their vegetation cover, attributable to various factors, including deforestation and land-use change. The production of sanitary-quality plants in nurseries, previously inoculated with hymenophores, which are the fertile parts that produce spores of edible ectomycorrhizal fungi, represents a technological innovation that increases the probability of seedling survival in their final transplant site. This improvement is particularly relevant considering that the majority of non-inoculated trees destined for plantations in rehabilitation or reforestation programs usually have remarkably low survival rates of around 20%. Currently, microbial biofertilizers constitute an innovative and cutting-edge biotechnology at a global level, with growing applications in the agricultural and forestry sectors. Specifically, the use of ectomycorrhizal fungi (ECF) as bioinoculants is considered a sustainable alternative for the production of quality forest plants under nursery conditions.