Plant growth-promoting actinobacteria isolated from leaf-cutter ant Atta mexicana Smith

Plant growth-promoting actinobacteria

Abstract

The use of synthetic agrochemicals has generated negative effects on the environment and human health. As an alternative, microorganism-based biofertilizers offer advantages by promoting nutrient acquisition and plant development. The research focuses on actinobacteria isolated from the bodies of worker ants of the genus Atta mexicana Smith. Seventy actinobacteria isolates were obtained, 90% of which showed the ability to fix nitrogen, 28% solubilized phosphate, and 22.2% of the isolates produced indoleacetic acid. Bioassays were conducted with these isolates in tomato seedlings. The HH535 and HT12 isolates showed a significant increase in the height and leaf area of the seedlings, which is associated with a greater capacity for light capture and plant growth. It was concluded that Atta mexicana ants can harbor actinobacteria with high biotechnological potential for sustainable agriculture. These microorganisms could be used as biofertilizers and antifungal agents, offering a promising alternative for the development of sustainable agricultural practices and the production of safe food.